• In 2013, Medicare beneficiaries’ average out-of-pocket health care spending was 41 percent of average per capita Social Security income; the share increased with age and was higher for women than men, especially among people ages 85 and over.
• Medicare beneficiaries’ average out-of-pocket health care spending is projected to rise as a share of average per capita Social Security income, from 41 percent in 2013 to 50 percent in 2030

An interesting study by Willis Towers Watson determined that having an annuity income source was a significant factor in retirement happiness. An annuity income might be provided by an old-fashioned pension, but many employees no longer have access to that kind of pension. The alternative for them would be to use personal savings or funds from a 401k to purchase an annuity from an insurance company. The study found that the presence of some sort of annuity income stream was a particularly significant factor in retirement happiness in households without a lot of retirement investments.

This report examines the evidence on the cost of conflicted investment advice and its effects on Americans’ retirement savings, focusing on IRAs. Investment losses due to conflicted advice result from the incentives conflicted payments generate for financial advisers to steer savers into products or investment strategies that provide larger payments to the adviser but are not necessarily the best choice for the saver. 

AARP's 2016 Retirement Confidence Survey talked to people age 50+, divided between those who are already retired and those who are not yet, to try to assess how confident they felt about their retirement. There are lots of interesting findings here, some of them include: